Why Stars Twinkle, Change Colors: Portland, Oregon, Washington Coast Astronomy

Published 10/23/20 at 11:04 PM PDT - Updated 10/2024
By Andre' GW Hagestedt

(Portland, Oregon) – It’s two a.m. in Portland, I'm working late at the main office of Oregon Coast Beach Connection, and I decide to go for a walk along Beaverton / Hillsdale Highway. A night that’s clear as a bell - the stars are shining brightly even in P-town.

In the southeast I see a flashing aircraft coming in. or so it seems. But its flashing is off kilter, and soon I realize it doesn’t seem to be moving at all. This is a star, located a little ways under Orion, and it’s flashing weird colors: flickering white on and off, interspersed with faint greens and definite reds and blues. It looks more like a police car in the sky.

What in the hell? This is one of the weirdest things I’ve ever seen in the sky, and I check it out almost every night.

I run back to grab my camera gear and manage to catch a few shots of this and some video. Surprisingly, I actually get this object in the sky flickering, but alas I can’t get the colors I see with the naked eye. However, if you look closely at the video (you have to blow it up full screen, and then some), about the 45 second mark you can see very faint and brisk color changes, including a blue blob that seems to come from its bottom right.

I know better than to start sinking into silly UFO thoughts, but a horrible, 2020-esque idea does briefly pop up: a deadly pulsar. Nope, that’s just my imagination, too. Too much Star Trek recently. My biggest guess of what’s going on here turns out correct, I am pleased to say.

Ironically, if I'd been on the Oregon or Washington coast, I wouldn't have seen this. It would've been hidden behind mountains to the east.

I pass on the video and description to NOAA and to Jim Todd, astronomer over at OMSI. He replies and confirms what I thought:

“ 'Believe you were looking at the brightest star called Sirius,” he said. “The colors you were describing were the result of atmosphere.”

I hadn’t guessed Sirius (fans of Serious Sam video games rejoice), but I did think it was atmospheric stuff moving around.

Todd describes it as the Earth’s atmosphere is always moving, and pockets of hot and cold air are jetting around us constantly. These essentially bend the pathways of light from stars in unpredictable ways. It’s called “seeing” when looking at stars while on Terra Firma, and it’s well known that the twinkling of stars is created by the air around us.

These turbulent pockets of air focus and defocus star light randomly, making it appear as if they change in brightness – or twinkle, in common terms. When they bend light in different ways, then you get changing colors. They’re like lenses, in a way.

Hence this situation where the star Sirius appeared to be flickering between white, blue, and shades of red and green.

It doesn’t hurt that all this was rather low on the horizon. This gives the whole phenomena something in common with the famed Green Flash at Sunset and Novaya Zemlya on the Oregon and Washington coasts. Both are the result of layers of atmosphere between you and the subject, in this case the sun. The farther down the horizon, the more layers of atmosphere you’re dealing with. Here you're dealing with refraction – or the bending of light. Stars twinkling with different colors are those pockets of air zipping by and causing refraction at a manic pace.

All this is further evidenced by the fact I saw at least one other star – low in the east – doing something similar. However, it wasn’t as bright or as bizarrely colorful as Sirius. More Oregon astronomy photos below:

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Andre' GW Hagestedt is editor, owner and primary photographer / videographer of Oregon Coast Beach Connection, an online publication that sees over 1 million pageviews per month. He is also author of several books about the coast.

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